权力模式与权利保障——以近代结社自由为视角

清末政府和北洋政府因客观的政治困境而统治力减弱,给了公民结社自由一定的生存和发展空间。南京国民政府实行党权+行政权双重管制,向社会领域不断地渗透,导致结社自由转变为结社义务。可见,权力运行模式直接影响甚至决定了公民基本权利的实有状态。

On Power Mode and Right Guarantee:From the Perspective of Modern Freedom of Association

Both the late Qing Dynasty government and the Northern Warlord government,due to objectively political predicaments,had a weakened ruling power over its citizens,thus the citizens had some survival and development room for freedom of association.The Nanjing National Administration,administered by Party power plus administrative power,constantly penetrated itself into social domains,which led freedom of association to obligation of association.Clearly,the power operating mode had directly influenced or even decided the actual situation of citizen’s basic rights.