对扩大再生产模型的“扩展”研究——从马克思主义经济学视角看宏观经济均衡增长条件

马克思的再生产模型 ,在资本有机构成和剩余价值率不变的假设下 ,证明了资本主义经济增长率下降乃至发生危机的必然性。即使在放弃马克思的基本假定后 ,资本主义经济长期增长率依然呈下降趋势 ,这说明马克思的假定是宏观经济长期均衡增长的必要条件。但在技术进步的作用下 ,市场机制使不变资本与可变资本的增长速率不一致 ,从而使宏观经济发生周期性变化。政府制定宏观经济“长期”政策 ,应从调整生产关系和促进人力资本投资入手 ,尽量使各种增长率保持一致。

On the Extension of the Extended Reproduction Model: Exploring the Equilibrium Conditions of Macro - Economy in the Perspective of Marxist Economics

Marx's reproduction model predicted that capitalist economic growth rate would go down or even suffer severe crises, but that model was formulated on the assumption of organic composition of capital and surplus value rate being constant. With this assumption being dismissed, the growth rate of capitalist economy still showed a tendency of decline in the long run, which proved that Marx's hypothesis is the prerequisite for long-term equilibrium growth of macro-economy. However, under the influence of technological advancement, the growth speed of variable capital is not the same as that of constant capital, which leads to periodical changes in macro-economy. When making long-term macro-economic policy, the government should pay special attention to regulating production relations and promoting investment of human capital to ensure that various growth rates remain consistent.