吐蕃占领西域期间的军事建制及其特征

吐蕃王朝占领西域塔里木盆地南缘地区后,以绿洲城邦为主要特征的自然地理条件及与之相应的当地社会生活方式,对驻扎吐蕃势力的军事建制产生了一定影响。历史典籍及西域、敦煌出土古藏文文献对吐蕃在西域的统治多有反映,从中可以看出,吐蕃在西域的军事建制是以吐蕃王朝建立之初的＂三勇部＂及军事部落联盟制度为基础,在军事扩张过程中逐步军事区域化、集团化的结果。吐蕃攻略西域的军区由四道节度（khrom）组成,与其河西、关陇、川康、西洱河等战区相平行。节度之下的基层军事建制,亦在一定程度上吸纳了西域绿洲地区传统意义上的以交通线路与城邦保障为主的管理模式,给养方式则出现分配土地、资财登记造册、军粮统一发放等形式,相应地引发职官体系及其职能的调整。

Tibetan military system towards the Western Regions after conquest

After occupied south edge of the Tarim Basin,Tibetan faced different geographical conditions and new community life,which influenced seriously their military system.Historical texts and ancient Tibetan documents from the Western Regions and Dunhuang suggest that Tibetan military system in the Western Regions resulted from their military forces regionalization and collectivization gradually,on the basis of both their three troops and military tribal alliance which were set up at the beginning of the Tibet fo...