综合性大学与医学类院校学生无偿献血的动因比较研究

以南京某综合性大学和某医学院校为例，比较两类学校学生在无偿献血认知、献血参与态度及献血动机方面的差异。通过文献研究、专家咨询及焦点小组评分编制调查问卷。认知差异比较采用卡方检验，态度和动机差异采用t检验。综合性大学学生对无偿献血的认知水平较低。医学类院校学生在献血参与态度方面的得分较高，二者在献血感受上无差异。献血动机方面，医学类院校学生献血的利他性得分较高，在两校暂未献血人群中，医学类院校学生自我效能型和献血奖励型动机得分更高。需加强对综合性大学学生献血知识的普及，根据态度及动机差异采取有针对性的献血宣传及招募。

A comparative research on the motivation factors of voluntary blood donation among college students from a comprehensive university and a medical university

Objective: To compare the differences of common knowledge, attitudes and motivations in voluntary blood donation between students from one comprehensive university and one medical university in Nanjing. Methods: We established questionnaires via document research, expert consultation and focus group discussion. Chi-square test was performed to compare the differences of common knowledge. t-test was performed to compare the differences of attitudes and motivations. Results: Students in comprehensive university known less about blood donation than students in medical universities. The score of attitude towards blood donation in students from medical university was higher than that in students from comprehensive university. No significant differences were found between them in feelings when they are donating blood. The score of motivation of altruism in medical university students was higher than that in comprehensive university students. Among the students who did not donate blood, the score of motivation of self-efficacy and reward in medical university students was higher than that in comprehensive university students. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the popularization of blood donation in comprehensive universities. Suitable broadcasting and recruiting strategies can be established according to the differences between them in motivation and attitudes to donate blood.