欧美全球卫星导航系统立法及其对中国的启示

欧盟发展“Galileo项目”和美国推动GPS的现代化均有相应的立法支撑.欧盟现行的法规中主要规定了Galileo的管理机构、财政预算和政府采购问题;美国的立法除了界定政府部门在发展、维持和应用GPS方面的具体职能外,近年来开始关注LightSquared公司干扰GPS的问题,以及与地理定位信息相关的公民隐私权保护问题.借鉴欧美的先进经验,未来的中国北斗导航系统立法至少应考虑以下问题:立法体例、管理机制、兼容性与互操作、政府采购、非歧视原则、抗干扰、隐私权与个人数据保护和国际合作.

The EU and US Legislations on GNSS and Their Inspirations for China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

Both the EU Galileo program and the US GPS modernization program own a solid legal basis. EU legislations on GNSS provide inter alia the general framework for governance of Galileo program, the financial and budgetary matters, and the public procurement. US legislations define the powers and functions of the public authorities in the development, maintenance and application stage of GPS, and nowadays, the LightSquared interference and the privacy protection concerning to geolocation information have received more focus from the US legislators. Drawing on the advanced experience from EU and US, China's future legislation on BeiDou system should at least take into consideration the issues as follows: the legislative modality, public governance, compatibility and interoperability of different systems, public procurement, non-discrimination, anti-interference, protection of privacy and personal data, and international cooperation.