《离骚》结构的深层解析

关于《离骚》结构的研究,是一个颇具意义的学术课题。《离骚》主人公灵均经历了“四重境界”,全篇可以划分为四大段落。主人公的心灵历经四大阶段,最终将“心灵的力量”发挥到极致;而主人公在“四重境界”的活动,不仅符合形式逻辑的“因果律”,同时也符合辩证逻辑的“否定之否定定律”。但是,《离骚》主人公的情志变化的结局却是“悖反”的,这就使得《离骚》的结构成为一种“两难结构”,一种永远开放的结构:它使《离骚》获得永恒。

AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS ON THE STRUCTURE OF "LI SAO"

The study of the structure of "Li Sao" is academically significant. This paper holds that "Li Sao" can be divided into four parts in accordance with the four stages of Linjun, the hero's experiences. Based on this division, the author points out that the hero experienced four stages of psychological changes and eventually gave a full play of psychological power. The hero's stages of psychological activities not only conform to the cause-effect law of the formal logic, but also to the double negation law of the dialectical logic. However, the outcome of the hero's emotional changes is the opposite, which leads to a dilemma in structural analysis and results in an open structure. This is why "Li Sao" enjoys eternal significance.