西方男同性恋文学书写和述评

男同性恋文学的书写和述评在西方早已有之并延续至今,其发展与其历史文化背景、价值取向和社会构建有关。古希腊和古罗马的男同性恋是一相对普遍的现象,在神话和诗歌中有较多的表征,但在总体上又有欲言又止的特点,未能融入主流文学,在中世纪黑暗时代更是处于低谷。从文艺复兴到19世纪这一漫长时期,男同性恋文学书写和述评的发展呈现出明显的钟摆现象,有时有很深刻、很明晰的表征,有时欲言又止、非常隐晦;虽然很多国家还是有法律禁忌,但随着部分名家的介入,男同性恋文学已经开始逐渐走向前台。20世纪以来,诸多文学大家介入了男同性恋文学的书写和述评,而且同性恋理论也得以构建。由于国别不同、社会制度和意识形态有异,加之同性恋问题本身的复杂性导致难以对其加以简单的界定,所以对男同性恋的定义和书写呈现出多元化的现象,但是,对男同性恋文学的书写和述评已经开始融入文学主流却是不争的事实。

Gay Literature and its Comments in the West

Gay literature and its comments in the West have a long history,which is related to the given historical and cultural backgrounds,value orientations and social structures.Male homosexuality in ancient Greece and Rome was relatively a popular phenomenon,which found expression mostly in myths and poems in a vague and marginal way and was on the decline in the Middle Ages.From the Renaissance to the nineteenth century,there was a clear pendulum phenomenon in gay literature and its comments,sometimes incisive a...