唐代文士贬谪途中的生活与心态述论

初唐、中晚唐、唐末的宋之问、韩愈、李德裕、韩偓等几位具有代表性的著名文士均有贬谪的遭遇。在贬途中,他们不容迟留,日夜兼程,翻山越岭,历尽艰难,过着极为苦楚的生活。在这一遭遇中,他们的情感心态颇为复杂,或伤心凄楚,或极想辩诬自白,或想念亲友、故园、盼望回归,或憎恨权奸、仍怀忠恳依恋、深叹难于报国之情,或提防再被害或不愿再仕,宁愿隐避等等。凡此种种,均展现了唐代文士在贬途中的生活情景与丰富复杂的心态。

Dissertation on living circumstances and mentality of the Tang literati when banished

In the early, middle and later periods of the Tang Dynasty, some famous literati such as Song Zhiwen, Han Yu, Li Deyu and Han Wo had the experience of relegation. When they were banished, they were not allowed to delay and had to tramp over hills and dales day and night, suffering from hardship all the way. During the period, their feelings were very complex. Some were grieved, some wanted to debate and vindicate themselves, and some others missed their relatives and friends and looked forward to going back to homeland. There were also some who were still loyal to the country but felt regretful for being unable to render service to their motherland, and some others who chose to live in exile and never secure an official position for fear of getting into trouble again. All this reveals the living circumstances and intricate mentality of those literati in the Tang Dynasty during the period of their relegation.