基于Hotelling模型的房地产开发空间竞争博弈分析

房地产市场一个最典型的特征是，房地产开发商之间的竞争是空间的竞争。而传统经济学是将所有的经济活动集中到一点进行分析，没有考虑到供求的空间分布对经济活动的影响。由于房地产开发商之间进行的是典型的空间竞争，所以本文运用经典的空间竞争模型——Hotelling模型对房地产开发商的竞争进行了博弈分析。并得出结论认为，交通成本是影响房地产开发商之间竞争和定价的一个重要因素，而市场的进入成本与开发的固定成本也对开发商的竞争和定价都有着明显的影响；如果交通成本对于消费者的影响足够低，那么房价会接近于开发的成本价格，有助于房价的平稳控制。

An Analysis of Spatial Competition Game Theory about Real Estate Development Based on Hotelling Model

One of the typical features of the real estate market is that the competitions between the developers are the spatial competitions. However, the traditional economics concentrated all the emphases on this single point and paid no attention to the influences the supply and demand of the spatial distributing exerted on economic activities. As the competitions between the real estate developers are spatial, this article uses the classical spatial competition model （ Hotelling Model） to analyze them and has got the conclusion that transport cost is an important factor influencing the competitions and price making. Besides, the market entry cost and the fixed cost of development also have significant impacts on the competitions and price making. If the transport cost is low enough to the consumers, the price will be adjacent to the cost, in favor of restraining the fast growth of the real estate prices.