Comparing the course of anxiety in women receiving their first or repeated caesarean section: A prospective cohort study |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany;2. Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany;3. Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany;4. Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, HELIOS University Clinic, Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany;1. University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Ultimo, Australia;2. Endeavour College of Natural Health, Office of Research, Brisbane, Australia;1. Division of Determinants and Challenges of Health Systems, Centre for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico;2. Division of Reproductive Health, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico;1. Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;2. Department of Psychology, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden;3. Department of Rural Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;4. Department of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Box 188, 22100 Lund, Sweden;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;3. Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;4. Centre for Psychological Wellbeing and Pregnancy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;5. School of Health Professions Education (SHE), Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundAround 30% of births are through caesarean section and repetition rates for receiving a caesarean section are high.AimThe aim of the prospective study was to compare the course of anxiety in women undergoing their first caesarean section and women experiencing a repeated caesarean section.Participants304 women with an indication for an elective caesarean section took part. 155 received their first caesarean section and 149 received a repeated caesarean section.MethodsIn order to measure the course of anxiety on the day of the caesarean section subjective anxiety levels were measured and saliva samples for cortisol determination were taken at admission, during skin closure and two hours after the surgery. Blood pressure and heart rate were documented at skin incision and skin closure.ResultsWomen experiencing their first caesarean section displayed significantly higher anxiety levels compared to women with a repeated caesarean section. Scores of the STAI-State and visual analogue scale for anxiety differed significantly at admission (p = .006 and p < .001) and heart rate and alpha amylase levels were significantly higher at skin closure (p = .027 and p = .029).ConclusionThe results show that previous experience with a caesarean section has a soothing effect. The study aims to sensitize surgeons, anesthetists, nurses and midwives when treating women receiving a caesarean section and encourage them to incorporate soothing interventions, especially for women receiving their first caesarean section to reduce anxiety levels and consequently improve postoperative recovery and patients’ satisfaction. |
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| Keywords: | Caesarean section Anxiety Experience STAI |
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