Psychological distress in pregnancy and postpartum |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Public Health, San Diego State University, United States;2. University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, United States;1. Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia;2. Sydney Institute of Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Australia;3. Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;4. Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia;5. Red Nose Australia;6. SANDS Australia;7. Stillbirth Foundation Australia;8. Still Aware;9. SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia;1. Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia;2. School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Australia;3. Mater Health Services, Raymond Tce, South Brisbane, Australia;4. Departments of Family Medicine and Clinical Skills, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia;5. Cochrane Croatia, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia;1. Charles Darwin University, Australia;2. Charles Darwin University & Edith Cowan University, Australia;3. Politeknik Kesehatan Kartini, Bali, Indonesia;4. Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Denpasar, Indonesia;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan;2. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan |
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| Abstract: | PurposeDepression, stress, and anxiety, termed ‘psychological distress,’ are common in pregnancy and postpartum periods. However, it is unclear whether prenatal psychological distress predicts postpartum psychological distress. We studied the prevalence, comorbidity and associations of maternal depression, stress, and anxiety in the prenatal period in relation to the occurrence of these same measures in the postpartum period.MethodsData originated from the MotherToBaby study of pregnant women residing in the U.S or Canada (2016–2018). Risk ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals using modified-Poisson regression models were used to investigate associations between prenatal psychological distress and postpartum psychological distress.ResultsOf the 288 women in the analysis, 21.2% and 26.7% of women had evidence of prenatal and postnatal psychological distress, respectively. Among those with prenatal psychological distress, 43 (70.5%) also had postpartum psychological distress. Twenty-five (41%) of those with prenatal and 46 (60%) of those with postpartum psychological distress had comorbidity of at least two of the measures. Prenatal measures independently predicted the same postnatal measures; prenatal anxiety also independently predicted postpartum stress. Participants who experienced more types of prenatal psychological distress were at higher risk for postpartum depression, stress, and anxiety.ConclusionDepression, stress, and anxiety are common in pregnant women and often occur together. Prenatal psychological distress measures are associated with postnatal psychological distress measures, with stronger associations among women with more than one type of psychological distress in pregnancy. Interventions during pregnancy may reduce the risk of postpartum psychological distress. |
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| Keywords: | Psychological distress Prenatal psychological distress Postpartum psychological distress Depression Stress Anxiety |
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