阴阳五行与天地之美--董仲舒的天人合一思想及其审美理念

用阴阳五行建构儒家的天道观和天人合一哲学,以为道之大原出于天,天不变道亦不变,乃儒家思想发展的一大转折,也是董仲舒独尊儒术的理论基础.他以天道证人道,言天人相副和天人相类;又以为善言天者必有征于人,视人伦纲常和仁义忠孝为天经地义,并以此言天地之美.这种以阴阳五行为宇宙模式而现天人相与之际的儒学,及其以善为美的价值理念,对中国人的思想、信仰和审美态度,有极为广泛而深远的影响力.

Yin-Yang-Wu-Xing and Nature and Man in Perfect Harmony: Dong Zhongshu's Idea of Nature and Man and Aesthetic

The Confucianists founded their spiritual principles and the philosophy of the integration of man and nature on the cognition of the yin yang wu xing, the universal whole consists of five elements under the two opposing principles. They meant the word "dao" the way origining from the nature; the nature is unchangeable, thus the "dao" is unchangeable. This was a turn on the course of development of Confucianism. This was the base idea of Dong Zhongshu the famous scholar in the Han Dynasty, who exclusively respected Confucian teachings. We have in his works that he takes the way of nature the evidence of the way of man, and nature and man are suited and close to each other. He deems it those who get their hands in the way of nature will have it to win the confidence of man. He holds that the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues are most appropriate, the nature and man in perfect harmony. This is the Confucianism of the time, which viewed the way on which man gets on nature with the idea that the yin yang wu xing is a universal whole, and an idea of value that the goodness is the perfect. A theory as such has had its influences, wide and profound, on Chinese people in their thought, belief, and aesthetic.