浅谈距离表征中的语用元素

英语对距离表征的研究不应停留在对话语双方的实际距离层面,而应透视出说话人和听话人与所指对象之间的抽象距离。语用抽象距离主要包括时间距离、情感距离及社会距离。转变时态可以改变时间距离,以拉近或凸显过去与现在、理想与现实的距离;指示词及人称代词的转变、间接引语或蕴含不同含义词语的使用均起到改变情感距离的效果,表达出不同的交际意图;人称代词的转变、礼貌用语、委婉语及不同语体的使用会改变社会距离,以达到实现交际的目的。

On Pragmatic Elements in Distance Expressions

Distance expressions in English should not only be studied from the concrete or actual distance between the addresser and the addressee,but also from the Abstract distance.Pragmatic Abstract distance includes time distance,emotional distance and social distance.Changed tense can alter time distance in order to reduce or highlight the distance between past and present or between ideal and reality.The usage of changed deixis,personal pronoun,indirect speech and emotional vocabularies serve the effect of alter...