从汉魏笔记小说的“实录”到唐代传奇小说的“作意”、“幻设”看小说家的创作心态的变化

汉魏六朝小说重“实录”,唐传奇则讲究“作意”、“幻设”,即重虚构。这种带有根本性质的观念变化,使得依附于史传的笔记体小说,一变而为具有虚构意义和主观创作意识的独立小说文体。在这个转变过程中,唐人“好奇”、“逞才”的心态起到了至关重要的作用。这种心态促进了小说家主观创作意识的产生,使之“作意好奇”,逞其“意想”,展示其才华。因而对于小说脱离史传的附庸地位,成为具有独立意义的小说文体有着极为重要的意义。

A Study of the Psychological Change of the Novel Writers from the "Documentary" Features in the Han and Wei Dynasty to the "Intentional" and "Imaginary" Ones in the Tang Dynasty

The novels written in the Han and Wei Dynasties are mainly "documentary" in nature,while those written in the Tang Dynasty stress on "intention" and "imagination".This fundamental change of writers' concept makes the novels evolved from the "documentary" style to the "fictitious" and "creative" one based on the writer's literary consciousness.In the process of evolution,the writers' "curiosity" and "self-consciousness" in the Tang Dynasty play a crucially important role.This psychological change stimulates the development of the novelists' subjective writing consciousness,and makes them think with "curious intention" and full of "imagination" to demonstrate their literary talents.As a result,it makes the novels away from the subordinately documentary feature and into the independent style of novels.