话语生产与实践美学

马克思主义创始人尽管对于语言学和美学问题没有做过系统全面的阐述,但是在他们所创立的实践唯物主义哲学体系之中,语言(言语、话语)是实践的一种类型,在20世纪西方哲学的"语言学转向"之中,福柯等哲学家明确地把"话语"作为"话语生产"或"话语实践"来运用,一些语言哲学家也指出了语言的实践功能,从实践的对象性、意向性、目的性、感性活动性等特点也应该把话语生产作为实践的一种类型。话语生产无论在按照美的规律所进行的物质生产(人的自身生产、生活资料的生产、生产资料的生产)之中,还是在直接生产审美对象的精神生产(艺术)之中都是一种不可或缺的实践要素,尤其是在文学生产之中更是一种主要的实践要素。新实践美学揭示了话语生产在以物质生产为中心的社会实践之中的中介性,从而发现了话语生产的审美本体意义,是对实践美学的一种创新。

Discourse Production and Practice Aesthetics

Though the founder of Marxism did not make systemic and general elaboration on linguistic and aesthetic problems,language(speech,discourse) is a sort of practice in the philosophical system of practical materialism that they have founded.In the "turning of linguistic science" of the western philosophy of 20th century,such philosophers as Foucault etc.have regarded "discourse" as "discourse production" or "discourse practice" in practice.Some linguistic philosophers also have pointed out the practical function of language.Discourse production should be regarded as a sort of practical type with the characteristics as objection,intention,objection and sensibility activity etc.Discourse production is a sort of indispensability factor of practice both in material production that carries through in the light of aesthetic rules and in mental production(art) that produces aesthetic object directly.It is even more a sort of primary factor of practice especially in literary production.The new practice aesthetics reveals the medium of discourse production in social practices that regards material production as core and then finds the aesthetic ontological meaning of discourse production.This is a sort of innovation on practice aesthetics.