多视角下农村禁养差异化管理探析

自国家实施农村禁养以来,农村生态环境大为改善。禁养制度的研究有助于促进农村禁养水平,但既有研究多侧重于污染防治和养殖政策,对农村禁养运作、管理有所忽视。通过采取规范分析、实证调查等方法对禁养制度及实施的研究发现:现有禁养制度受理念不清、制度建设不均的影响,存在执法不严、依据相冲突的现象,最终导致制度精准性有所欠缺。而从法律实施角度观察,可以发现:现阶段农村禁养存在行政滥权现象,"一刀切"的环保方式对农村的环境质量、生态经济、农民的生产生活带来一定的影响。对此,从禁养法律思想、禁养范围划定和禁养标准制定三个方面提出构建农村禁养差异化管理思路,以完善多元主体联动机制为前提,立足于本地区实际情况,构建合理的指标体系、实施体系和发展机制,完善农村禁养差异化管理制度的有效性。

Analysis on the Differentiation Management of Rural Prohibition Policy of Livestock and Poultry in Multiple Perspectives

Since the implementation of rural prohibition policy of livestock and poultry in the country,great results have been achieved in the improvement of rural ecological environment.The study of rural prohibition policy of livestock and poultry system can help to improve the level of rural prohibition policy of livestock and poultry.But most studies focus on pollution prevention and livestock policies,and neglect the operation and management of the policy through the adoption of normative analysis,empirical investigation and other methods.The research on the prohibition policy of livestock and poultry system and implementation found that the existing system is affected by unclear legal ideas and unbalanced system construction,and there is a phenomenon of lax enforcement and conflicts basis which eventually leads to the system accuracy is lacking from the perspective of law enforcement,and we can find that there is an administrative abuse of power in the rural areas.And the environmental administrative ways of the“one size fits all”has influenced the quality of rural environment,the development of ecological economy and the production and life of farmers.Therefore,from three aspects,the legal philosophy of prohibition,the range of prohibition and the standards of prohibition to set up differentiation management of rural prohibition policy of livestock and poultry,we should make on premise of perfecting the multi-subject linkage mechanism,and based on the actual situation in the region,build up reasonable indicator system,implementation system and development mechanism,thus to improve the effectiveness of the differentiation management of rural prohibition policy of livestock and poultry.