作用·利益·政策——论我国的对外贸易理论

严格说来,我国的对外贸易理论尚未真正建立。在建立它时,应当吸收和强调如下理论观点:(1)开展外贸能够增加国内消费者福利和产生众多的动态利益,而不是为了出口创汇。(2)外贸利益来自商品的比较优势、规模经济及其有差别性,而不应依赖低价竞销、优惠政策扶植、外汇倾销等手段甚至以社会福利为代价来获取它。(3)外贸政策的改革,须以自由贸易为方向,扭转偏重出口的倾向,淡化优惠政策的作用。

ON THE AIM, PROFIT AND POLICY IN THE FOREIGN TRADE OF CHINA

The establishment of the theory of foreign trade of China must emphasize the following viewpoints: the aim of the foreign trade is to increase the benefits of the customers at home and its dynamic profits but not to make foreign exchange; the profits should be obtained through products' relative superiority but not through dumping, and finally, the policy of foreign trade should be oriented towards free trade but not to put stress on export on preferential terms.