考虑环境因素的陕西省制造业绩效研究

在评价制造业绩效时,环境因素是一个要考虑的影响因子。基于方向性环境距离函数,选取陕西省不同要素密集行业2005—2011年数据,比较了考虑环境因素和不考虑环境因素两种情形下的陕西省制造业绩效。研究发现,考虑CO2排放后制造业在生产前沿上的行业数目减少,陕西省制造业的整体绩效不高且规模收益总体上呈递减趋势;技术密集型制造业的平均绩效最高,主要是技术进步较快所致,劳动密集型行业绩效主要依赖规模效率变化的推动,而资本密集型行业绩效的"追赶效应"最为明显;大多数劳动、资本密集型行业表现出技术退步趋势,"前沿面移动效应"不明显,企业管理水平不高,投入结构有待优化,技术进步缓慢。针对研究结果最后提出了相应的对策建议。

Study on Manufacturing Performance of Shaanxi Province Considered with the Environmental Factors

In evaluating the performance of manufacturing sectors, environmental factors are the impact factors. Based on the directional distance function, we select the data of different element-intensiveindustries of Shaanxi from 2005- 2011 to estimate the performance of the manufacturing industries for the environmental factors considered and not. Consequently, the number of manufacturing industries in the production frontier decrease after taking into account of CO2 emissions, the overall performances of manufacturing industries of Shaanxi are not high, and the returns to scale generally show a decreasing trend~ average performance of technology--intensive manufacturing is the highest, which is the score of rapid technical progress. The performances of labor--intensive industries are mainly dependent on the scale efficiency changes. In contrast, the ＂ catch-up＂ effect of capital--intensive industries is obvious~ In addition, most of the labor and capital--intensive industries show a technical regress trend, and the ＂frontier moving effect ＂is not obvious, which imply that the corporate management level are not high, and the input structure must be optimized, technological progress is slow~ Finally, we put forward targeted advices.