京沪商人"罢市"问题论析(1927-1937)--一个民族主义视角的检讨

南京十年时期,中华民族危机更甚于前,“济案”之烈度亦远在“沪案”之上,但却并未生成规模宏大的罢市激流。京沪两地的商人或一致反对罢市,或利用罢市手段与反日组织抗争以维护自身私利,或因战时环境而逼迫进行罢市。其中原因,既可归诸南京政府之压制性的民众运动政策,又与中共的弱势地位及其错误政策密不可分。不过,是否罢市、主动还是被动罢市,不应作为评判商人民族主义的标尺。

On Shopkeepers' Strikes in Beijing and Shanghai (1927-1937)--An Examination of the Perspective on Nationalism

During the decade of Nanjing Kuomingtang Government, Chinese national crisis was more severe than before, and the Massacre in Jinan was far fiercer than the May 30th Massacre in Shanghai, but a torrent of large- scaled shopkeepers' strikes never came into being. Businessmen in both Beijing and Shanghai either refused to strike, or struggled against anti- Japan organizations by means of striking to maintain their own interests, or were obliged to strike by wartime situations. This cannot only be attributed to the suppressing policy of Nanjing Kuomingtang Government on people's movement, but also is closely related to the inferior position and erroneous policies of CPC. Nevertheless, the nationalism of businessmen should not be evaluated by whether businessmen struck or not and whether they struck actively or passively.