日、美企业决策方式的比较及其评价

日本企业的决策方式是一种集体决策制度 ,决策层要拍板一件事情 ,必须找到决策的依据 ,并历经循环往复的论证过程 ,充分发挥集体的力量 ;美国企业的决策特点是个人决策——个人负责制 ,以客观分析为基础广泛分享决策权。日本传统文化注重群体意识 ;美国的移民文化强调个人奋斗。日本企业的决策能够集思广益 ,保证决策的合理性和科学性 ,执行顺利 ,然而决策速度缓慢 ;美国企业的决策迅速 ,对外界环境反应灵敏 ,责任明确 ,然而单凭个人决策难免失误 ,主观武断 ,同时不利于调动职工的积极性和创造性。

Comparision and Assesment of Policy-making Pattern of Japanese and American Industris

The pattern of policy making for industries in Japan is a kind of collective system.If the final decision is to be made by policy making body,there should be enough basis;and the issue must be discussed again and again in order to make full use of collective strength. However, the pattern of policy-making for industries in America is a system characterized by individual decision and individual responsibility.In this system the decisive right is widely shared and objective analysis is the basis.Traditional Japanese culture attaches importance to the will of group, but American immigration culture stresses individual's effort.Policy making in Japanese industries can draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas and this can make the process of policy making more reasonable and more scientific, and the decision can be carried out successfully, but the process of making final decision is quite long. The policy making in American industries is made quickly, and is sensitive to the feedback of the external world, and the responsibilities are to be taken specifically, however, there exist some defects in this system.It which can easily cause arbitrary decision and can not completely mobilize the initiative and creativity of staff and workers.