钱穆若干历史观点商榷

钱穆认为中国秦代以来的古代社会在政治上实行的是虚君制或者是君主立宪制,丞相是副皇帝,御史大夫代表丞相管理和监察着皇帝。钱穆从推理及皇家片面记述文字来否认秦代以来的古代社会是君主专制社会、秦代以来的政治是专制政治。他的观点值得商榷。事实上,不论从政治权力的实际运行和制度的设计来看,还是从社会观念来看,钱穆的观点都与秦代以来的中国历史实际不相符合。黄宗羲、顾炎武、梁启超、谭嗣同、鲁迅,以及陈独秀等前代史学家、思想家所作出的中国中古社会是专制社会的历史定论,没有理由进行翻案。

A Discussion about the Historical Viewpoint of Qian Mu

Qian Mu hold that the political system in ancient chi na is constitutional monarchy,prime ministers in ancient china are vice-empero rs,vice-prime ministers in ancient china control emperors.The history viewpoi nt of Qian Mu is wrong becouse it is not histoy facts.Huang Zong-xi,Gu Yan-w u,Liang Qi-chao,Tan Si-tong,Lu Xun and Chen Du-xiu who deemed the politica l system in ancient china is autocratic monarchy.They are right.Their correct history viewpoint must be insisted.