农产品贸易开放、农业增长与农业环境

选取2000-2013年30个省、区面板数据，运用固定效应模型、工具变量估计方法对农产品贸易开放、农业增长与中国农业环境的关系进行考察。研究发现，样本期内我国化肥等农业化学品使用强度逐年增加，畜禽排放粪便量呈波动变化。农产品出口依存度对农业化学品使用强度具有明显的负向影响；对畜禽排放的粪便量具有明显的正向影响。人均第一产业生产总值与我国农业环境之间的关系不满足“环境库兹涅茨”“倒U型”曲线。此外，人力资本、城镇化水平的提高不利于降低农业化学品使用强度，但有利于缓解畜禽养殖污染。提出我国应充分利用国际市场，努力提高出口农产品的技术含量及绿色化水平，以实现农产品贸易、农业增长与生态环境的协调发展。

Openness of Agricultural Product Trade, Agricultural Economic Growth and Agricultural Environment in China

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in the year from 2000 to 2013,this paper uses the fixed effect model and the method of tool variable estimation to investigate the relationship between openness of agricultural product trade,agricultural growth and agricultural environment in China.The result shows that during the sample period,the use intensity of chemical fertilizers and other agricultural chemicals in China had increased year by year,and the amount of livestock and poultry emissions were fluctuated.The degree of dependence on agricultural exports has a significantly negative impact on the intensity of use of agricultural chemicals,and it has a significantly positive impact on the amount of manure discharged from livestock and poultry.The relationship between GDP per capita and the agricultural environment in China is not inverted U-shaped.In addition,the level of human capital and urbanization is not conducive to reduce the intensity of the use of agricultural chemicals,but it is conducive to ease the pollution of livestock.Therefore,this paper proposes several countermeasures on how to make full use of the international market and improve the technological content and green level of export agricultural products so as to achieve the coordinated development among agricultural products trade,agricultural growth and ecological environment.