钱穆的法治新诠及其启示:以《政学私言》为中心

为应对西式流行话语和现代政治转型的挑战，钱穆立足中国传统，围绕法治问题提出了颇具新意的解释。他的法治新诠包含三个递进层次，即普遍性的系统规则和制度、立国宪制、政体安排。钱穆强调现代中国的文明政治需要充分重视民众的自由刚健精神与国家的优良公共治理，在立国宪制中维系一种自由进取的衡平精神。基于对孙中山五权宪法理论的保守化处理，钱穆构划了一个以贤能政治家群体为中心、尊严与效能相维制的衡平政体。其论述一方面包含了对传统礼治、法治的现代阐释与评估，另一方面引入对西方传统的别样审思，呈现出“新诠”之为新的双重指向。

QianMu's Original Interpretation of Rule of Law:An Analysis of the Book ZhengxueSiyan(Personal Discourse on Chinese Politics)

In response to the challengesbrought by the popular Western discourse andmodern political transformation, QianMuputs forward the thought-provoking interpretations of Rule of Law on the basis of his understanding of Chinese tradition.His interpretation includes three successive dimensions, namely, universal systems of rules and institutions, political constitution, andregime in the narrow sense.QianMuemphasized thatChinese modern politicsshould lay stress on the morally progressive and open spirit in the populace and the spirit of freedom and initiative in the constitutional system.On the basis of conservative interpretation of the theory of Five-Power Constitution put forwardSunYat-sen,Qian Mucreated a balanced regime that advocates reciprocity between authorities and the dignity and efficacy of virtuous and able statesmen.Ingeneral,QianMu''s personal discourse involves not only the modern interpretation and assessment of traditional political resources, but also the original and creative reflection on Western theories.