FDI、环境规制与中国的碳排放强度 ——基于门槛面板模型的实证

基于我国1999—2016年30个省市自治区的平衡面板数据,构建联立方程模型探究FDI对我国碳排放强度的影响机制和作用方向,并采用门槛面板模型研究FDI对碳排放强度的影响是否具有基于环境规制的门槛效应。结果表明,FDI通过规模效应渠道增加了我国的碳排放强度,但能通过结构效应、技术效应和环境规制效应降低我国的碳排放强度。以环境规制作为门槛变量时,发现FDI对我国区域碳排放强度的影响具有双门槛效应,环境规制程度较低或者过高时,FDI的流入会不利于地区的碳减排；环境规制强度适当时,FDI会对地区的碳减排产生有利影响。在目前的环境规制强度下,FDI的流入降低了我国大部分地区的碳排放强度。

FDI,Environmental Regulation and Carbon Emission Intensity in China

Based on the balance panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 1999 to 2016, this paper constructs a simultaneous equation model to explore the impact mechanism and direction of FDI on China''s carbon emission intensity, and uses the threshold panel model to study whether the impact of FDI on carbon emission has the threshold effect based on Environmental regulation. The results show that FDI increases the carbon emission intensity of China through the channel of scale effect, but it can improve the carbon emission intensity of China through the structure effect, technology effect and environmental regulation effect. When environmental regulation is taken as threshold variable, it is found that FDI has double threshold effect on regional carbon emission intensity in China. When the level of environmental regulation is low or high, FDI inflow will be detrimental to regional carbon emission reduction. When the intensity of environmental regulation is appropriate, FDI will have a favorable impact on regional carbon emission reduction. And under the current intensity of environmental regulation, the inflow of FDI in most regions of China has improved regional carbon emission reduction.