意会偏离意向的语用能愿解释

在话语交际过程中，言者意向的表达和听者意会的生成一直是语用学研究所关注的中心议题。话语意义的生成过程是一个发于言者意向却归于听者意会的过程。在具体交际语境中，无论前者的表达，还是后者的生成，它们都是基于交际者的语用所能和语用所愿完成的，交际双方在语用能愿方面潜存的互不匹配性直接导致了听者意会对言者意向的偏离。

An Explanation of the Divergence of Comprehension from Intention

In the process of discourse communication, the expression of speaker＇ s intention and the generation of hearer＇ s comprehension have always been the central concern of pragmatic study. This paper contends that the generation of discourse meaning is a process that starts with speaker＇ s intention but ends with hearer＇ s comprehension. In the specific communicative context, no matter whether it is the expression of the former or the generation of the latter, their fulfillments are both based on the communicators＇ pragmatic competence and inclination, and the potential mismatch in the bipartite pragmatic competence and inclination underlies the divergence of hearer＇ s comprehension from speaker＇ s intention.