经验的畏惧与聆听--谈黑格尔与海德格尔对经验不同的道说及其意义

黑格尔因其概念辩证法的强力完成了近代形而上学的终结,但也因此掩蔽了其力量的源头"经验的辩证运动".海德格尔对此提出质疑,他认为这是黑格尔因畏惧经验的辩证运动背后的不在场的东西所致.本文指出,黑格尔对经验的打压、遗忘其实质就是要以在场的形而上学抹杀更为本真、深藏不露的不在场的东西,进而将不在场的东西逻辑化、概念化,以求得知识论意义上的绝对的主体确定性.其实,这也是整个近代形而上学的根本性的局限与痼疾所在.黑格尔对意识本性的经验及其道说,不仅暗示了尼采、叔本华非理性主义思潮的兴起,同时也为海德格尔通过对经验的原始回声的聆听走上一条护送存在之到达、在场并应合存在者之存在的呼唤之思想大道,作了思想先导.

Fear of and Listening to Experience --On the Difference between Hegel's and Heidegger's Expositions of Experience and Its Significance

Depending on the force of dialectic of concept, Hegel arrived at the end of modern metaphysics, and hence covered up the source of the dialectic movement of experience. Heidegger questioned Hegel on this and pointed out that it was due this fear of what is absent behind the dialectical movement of experience. This paper holds that Hegel denied. absence by metaphysical presence and formed the absence into logic and concept so as to arrive at absolute certainty of subject. In fact, what Hegel did here is just the defect of the whole modern metaphysics. Hegel's experience and exposition of the nature of consciouseness not only indicated the rise of irrationalism represented by Nietzsche and Schopenhouer, but also paved the ideological way for Heidegger.