农村初中留守儿童心理健康状况比较研究

采取整群随机抽样法在陕西省榆林、渭南、安康三地市的农村乡镇初中抽取25个自然班,采用MHT量表,对农村初中留守儿童与非留守儿童心理健康状况进行比较。结果显示：初中阶段正处于身体发育和心理发展的关键时期,由于父母外出务工造成的这种家庭非完整性以及亲子关系的非连续性,使儿童所能享受的关爱度和指导力下降,对其心理健康产生不利影响;留守儿童心理健康水平显著低于非留守儿童,而且,留守儿童与非留守儿童在孤独倾向、自责倾向、过敏倾向三个维度上差异极为显著;双亲外出留守儿童、母外留守儿童的心理健康水平显著低于非留守儿童;父外留守儿童与非留守儿童没有明显差异;而母外留守儿童与父母双亲外出留守儿童没有显著差异;留守女童心理健康水平显著低于留守男童。最后,从家庭、学校及社会教育三个层面提出相应对策。

The Comparative Research on the Mental Health of Rural Left-at-Home Children in Junior High School

MHT scale is adopted to investigate the mental health between the rural left-at-home children and the non-left-at-home children in junior high school in Shaanxi Province.Results indicat that： outdoor-workers parents produce unfavorable effects on the left-at-home children mental health;the MHT total scores of the left-at-home children are prominently higher than the score of the non-left-at-home children;specifically,tendencies of loneliness,self-blame tendencies and allergic tendencies of the left-at-home children are significantly different;different left-at-home states have different effects on the children＇s mental health;the mental health levels of the female left-at-home children are prominently lower than the level of the male left-at-home children.Finally,the countermeasures are put forward from three aspects of family,school and social education.