学龄人口变动与基础教育资源配置的协调性及原因探析——以上海为例

本文以全国第六次人口普查为依据，分析了上海市学龄人口的空间分布及基础教育资源的供给现状、学龄人口变动与基础教育资源配置的适应性及原因。结果显示：上海市幼儿园教育资源短缺最为严重，小学缺口业已凸显；市区教育资源投入要好于郊区，而学龄人口有向郊区变动的态势，导致郊区教育资源的短缺较为严重；市区优质资源远多于郊区，与学龄人口的分布严重不符。导致以上问题的原因有：出生人数持续处于高位导致学前教育资源整体缺口较大；常住人口向郊区变动致使郊区基础教育资源严重短缺；由客观、主观等原因造成的全市优质教育资源配置不均．跨区域择校问题依旧。

A Analysis of the Adaptability of the Spacial Distribution of school-aged Children to the Allocation of the Compulsory Education Resources in shanghai

Based on data from the sixth population census in aged children, the supply of compulsory education resources China, this paper analyses the special distribution of school- and facilities, and the adaptability of school-aged population change to supply of compulsory education facilities and resources. It is found that the facilities and resources for nursery school are in serious shortage, and the lag of input for primary school becomes an increasing serious social problem. The downtown urban areas enjoy better education government inputs and excessive education resources than the suburbs while the school-aged population tends to move into the suburbs which cause serious shortage of compulsory education facilities and resources and mismatch of education resources with the school-aged population. The causes of the above-mentioned mismatch problems include that the continual large size baby births bring about pressures on the nursery education facilities and resources, permanent residents keep moving into the suburbs and the government unevenly allocates the high grade education resources causing large size of cross-district schooling selection by residents.