制度变迁与战后美国南部的崛起

南部的崛起是美国在 2 0世纪所发生的最重大的社会变迁之一 ,为多方所关注。“唯华府论”、“唯市场论”和“南部地理优势论”等观点对其成因的解释 ,都有值得商榷之处。历史地看 ,南部的崛起并不是美国联邦政府的区域平衡发展计划或市场自律的产物 ,而是“大萧条”以来各种内外因素互动的、制度变迁的结果。外因是打破南部社会传统机制的关键力量 ,而内因则是推动南部经济发展的核心要素。外因的诱导和内因的主导的复杂而有机的结合所导致的制度变迁 ,是促使战后南部不断发展的关键因素。同时 ,作为历史上美国的落后地区 ,南部的崛起可为中国的西部大开发提供资鉴。中国的西部大开发和美国的西进运动不宜进行比较。

Institutional Changes & Rise of American South since WWⅡ

The rise of the South is one of the biggest social transformations in America in the 20th century. It is not the production of the plan of regional balance development carried out by the American federal government or the self\|discipline of market, but the result of the mutual operation of various factors since Great Depression. External causes were the key force to destroy the traditional institutions of American South, and internal ones played the major role in promoting rapid development of the southern economy. Institutional changes are the basic factors that cause the rise of American South.