农地大规模流转中的风险分担机制研究

文章以实地调查经验材料为基础分析了农地大规模流转的风险分担机制.研究发现,在农地大规模流转过程中,当事各方从担保人制度、承包人选择、地租和租期的确定等方面设计了一整套风险分担机制.但由于农村既有的政治社会环境和权力关系格局未能得到相应的重置和优化,农地大规模流转往往演变为优势阶层谋求自身利益的一个平台.再加上市场行情、管理成本等因素的影响,农地大规模流转的绩效大大降低.众多大户纷纷将土地转手的事实使得农地大规模流转的风险急剧增加.为使农地大规模流转平稳有序地推行,不仅需要设计周密的风险分担机制,而且应该着力改善和优化乡村社会政治环境,调整国家的土地流转政策,禁止激进的农地大规模流转行为.

A Study on the Mechanism of Risk-sharing in the Mass Farmland Transfer Process

This paper analyzes the mechanism of risk-sharing in the mass farmland transfer based on the materials got through the field survey. It discovers that all the subjects have designed a mechanism of risk-sharing from many aspects such as guarantor system, the contractor selection, the determination of rent and so on during the course of the mass farm- land transfer. However, the mass farmland transfer has evolved into a platform where the dominant classes seek their own interests, for the reason that the rural political and power relationship pattern hasn＇t been reset and optimized. In addition, other factors such as the market condition and management costs and so on greatly reduce the performance of mass farmland transfer. The fact that many large grains transfer their farmland suddenly increases risks to the mass farmland transfer. In order to carry out the mass farmland transfer policy smoothly and orderly, we not only need a thorough mechanism of risk-sharing, but also should improve the political environment, adjust the state＇s policy of farmland transfer and forbid the radical behavior of mass farmland transfer.