“生态学”定义新解

通过对生态学发展史的剖析、对当前国内外多种教材中关于“生态学”一词的名词解释的汇总分析，结合自身多年从事环境生物与生态的科研与教学的经验与感受，认为“生态学”一词应该赋予新的含义，即：生态学是关于生物生存态势研究的科学。生态学的研究不能仅仅停留在生物与生物、生物与环境（生境）之间相互关系问题的研究上，而应该重视生物的生存现状及其发展趋势的科学研究，特别是关于生态系统发展趋势的预测理论、预测方法、预测手段等是时代赋予生态学研究的重要使命，拟以“生态学”定义新解抛砖引玉，唤起同行对新时期生态学重要使命的探讨。

A New Interpretation of "Ecology"

This paper gives the concept of "ecology" a new interpretation via analyzing the history of this study,comparing different definitions from various textbooks in Chinese or English,and integrating the author's years of bilingual teaching of the subject and the current situations in sustainable development worldwide.It holds that ecology is more than a study of the relationships among organisms and their environment factors.In fact,this science studies the present situations of organisms and examines and foretells the tendency of ecosystems or organisms.New concepts or theories,creative ideas or methodologies,as well as new technologies should be introduced and applied in ecological studies,to fulfill its important functions of prediction and regulation,and eventually serve its role for sustainable development.