三孩生育政策与公共投入的有效衔接

党中央积极应对人口老龄化和生育率持续走低而实施的三孩生育政策,是中国人口生育政策的又一次重大调整,政策目标的实现需要完善的公共投入来配套,在系统分析第七次全国人口普查反映的相关情况基础上,对三孩生育政策与公共投入有效衔接的必要性和可行路径进行研究。研究认为,生育政策与公共投入的有效衔接要从系统性视角出发,强化党的“领导力”、优化政府“引导力”、激发企业“执行力”、发挥社会“推动力”、挖掘家庭“源动力”,实现“党-政府-企业-社会-家庭”主体的衔接,并从顶层规划、政策制定、机制构建等方面进行工作衔接; 同时,在满足新增服务需求的基础上,制定相关法律法规和考核评估体系,完善婚育假期、妇幼健康计划生育、妇女就业权益等服务保障政策措施,加大对税收支持、财政补贴等鼓励生育政策措施的倾斜力度,构建鼓励按政策生育的制度体系,为三孩生育政策长期可持续释放潜力提供政策保障。

Effective convergence between three-child policy and public investment

The implementation of the three-child policy is another major adjustment in China's population and childbearing policy. It is an important means for the Party Central Committee to actively respond to the aging population and the continuous decline of fertility rate. Based on the systematic analysis of China's general situation in population reflected by the seventh national census, this paper studies the necessity and feasible path of the effective convergence between the three-child policy and public investment. The research argues that the effective convergence between the three-child policy and public investment should be planned from a systematic perspective, which strengthens the leading role of the Party, optimizes the guiding power of the government, stimulates the effective execution of enterprises, renders the boosting power of the society, utilizes the internal motivation of families, and achieves the linkage between the subjects of Party, government, enterprises, society and families, and that the convergence should be made possible through instruments such as top design planning, policy formulation, and mechanism establishment. In addition, while satisfying the new demand for services, we need to formulate relevant laws and regulations and assessment systems, improve service protection policies and measures in terms of marriage and childbearing leaves, family planning for mother and infant's health, women's employment rights and interests, step up support for measures encouraging births such as tax support and fiscal subsidies, construct an institution that encourages people to bear children according to policy, and provide policy guarantee for the three-child policy to maintain its sustainable potential in the long term.