基于SEM的教师精力投入及激励机理研究

为提高教师精力投入程度,提升高校教学质量,以马斯洛需求层次理论为基础,从物质需求、安全需求、尊重交往需求、发展需求4个方面,对需求因素与精力投入之间的关系以及需求因素之间的关系提出研究假设,建立了教师精力投入影响因素结构方程模型; 基于调查问卷数据,分析了结构方程模型(SEM)各因素之间的路径关系及相互效应,并利用显著性指标对模型进行了修正,得到与实际调查问卷数据相符合的教师精力投入影响因素修正结构方程模型。研究表明:高校教师需求结构并非完全与马斯洛的层次需求结构相符,物质需求、安全需求和发展需求都对教师精力投入有显著正向作用,而尊重与交往需求未对教师精力投入产生明显影响作用; 因此,高校应进一步保障教师的物质需求与发展需求,并依据教师岗位的差异性和多元化诉求,制定科学合理的教师激励机制。

Research on the teachers' energy input and incentive mechanism based on the SEM

In order to improve the degree of teachers' energy input and promote the teaching quality in higher education institutions, this paper puts forward research hypotheses on the relationship between demand factors and energy input as well as the relationship among different demand factors in the four aspects of material need, safety need, respect and social needs and development need, based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, and constructs the structural equation model(SEM)of influencing factors of teachers' energy input. Based on the questionnaire data, the path relationship and mutual effects among the elements of SEM were analyzed. Through the significance index, the SEM was optimized and the influencing factors of energy input were highly consistent with the actual questionnaire data. The research results indicate that the demand structure of higher education institution teachers is not completely consistent with Maslow's hierarchical demand structure, that the material need, safety need and development need have significant positive effects on teachers' energy input, while respect and social needs have no distinctive effect on teachers' energy input. Therefore, higher education institutions should further guarantee the teachers' material and development needs to be met, and formulate scientific and reasonable teacher incentive policies based on the divergence and diversity requirements of the teaching posts.