新生代乡村代课教师权益缺失与保障问题探究

传统乡村代课教师在“两基”目标实现过程中作出了卓越贡献,并随着一系列教育政策的实施而逐渐减少。近年来,由于义务教育财政体制失衡,教师编制管理制度僵化,教师补充计划的实施效果不理想,我国出现了大量的新生代乡村代课教师。新生代乡村代课教师与学校在合同签订中的地位不对等、工资待遇低、同工不同酬以及权益申诉路径模糊等问题严重影响了新生代乡村代课教师的合法权益。为促进乡村教师队伍建设,保障新生代乡村代课教师的合法利益,应建立健全新生代乡村代课教师与学校签订劳动合同的法律程序;完善新生代乡村代课教师的工资拨付和福利保障机制,确保同工同酬制度的实施效果;建立动态透明的区域性代课教师资源库,创建代课教师任用的新机制。

New Rural Substitute Teachers Loss of Rights and Interests and Protection Measures

Traditional rural substitute teachers have made outstanding contributions to the realization of nine-year compulsory education and literacy education in the rural areas.In recent years,due to the dispersion and imbalance of the compulsory education financial system,the rigid form of the teacher establishment management system,and the unsatisfactory practical effect of the teacher supplement mechanism,many new substitute teachers have been employed in rural areas.Due to the unequal status of the new rural substitute teachers and the school in signing the contract,low wages,different pays for the same workload,and ambiguity in the appeal path of rights and interests,the legal rights and interests of the new rural substitute teachers have been seriously affected.In order to promote the construction of the rural teacher team and protect the legitimate interests of the new rural substitute teachers,the legal procedures for the new rural substitute teachers and the school labor contract should be established and improved.The salary and welfare guarantee mechanism for the new rural substitute teachers should be improved to ensure the implementation effect of the equal pay system,to establish a dynamic and transparent regional substitute teacher resource database,and to create a new mechanism for substitute teacher appointment.