“后法优于前法”规则适用难题探析

"后法优于前法"是与"上位法优于下位法"、"特别法优于一般法"相并列的法律适用基本规则之一。中国《立法法》第83条的规定,既是中国法律首次对"后法优于前法"规则的明文确认,也是首次对"后法优于前法"规则适用条件的设定。但在实践中,规则的适用并非是一件易事,尤其在以下三方面还存在较大争议和分歧:第一,在特殊情形下前法与后法的界分;第二,规则适用条件之具体内涵;第三,该规则与其他基本适用规则碰撞时应如何选择。通过对这三个事关规则正确适用的理论与实践问题进行探讨分析,用以推进对这些至今尚未引起人们重视的问题的研究。

On"Lex Posterior Derogat Legi Priori"

"lex posterior derogat legi priori",along with " Lex superior derogat legi inferiori" and "Lex specialis derogat legi generali",is one of the basic rules of appliance.In China,the 83rd stipulation of "Legislation Law",is not only the rule to confirm "lex posterior derogat legi priori" for the first time in our country,but also the first time to condition for the hypothesis of "lex posterior derogat legi priori".But this stipulation is not as simple as what people imagined in the practice.For instance,the deference of the latter law and the earlier one in particular situations,the exact meanings of appliance conditions,and how to choose when it meets "Lex specialis derogat legi generali",which needs to be further discussed.Through discussing these three practical questions,these research questions which have been not emphasized so far can be promoted.