认知诗学的图式理论与中国经典诗词意境的文学图式运作范式——以唐诗宋词为语料

涉及中国经典诗词意境现实化的文学图式运作范式有三个:图式的加强、图式的更新和图式的重构。对中国经典诗词意境的解读基于这三个运作范式。图式的加强是通过同一文学图式在不同的诗词中反复地被激活来实现;图式的更新是根据语境将某一文学图式中的认知凸显或认知焦点从一个特征调整到另一个特征上,属于变量取代固定的成分的范式;而图式的重构则是在语境的作用下,以映射投射为认知加工路径,在旧图式的基础之上创造一个新的图式来。

Schema theory of cognitive poetics and operation modes of literary schemas in classic Chinese poetry

Literary schema has three operation modes in realizing the artistic conceptions of classic Chinese poetry,namely,schema reinforcement,schema refreshment and schema restructuring.In classic Chinese poetry,the schema reinforcement is made possible by strengthening and confirming schematic knowledge through new incoming facts.Schema refreshment means adjusting the cognitive salience or cognitive focus from one feature to another feature in a literary schema,which is,actually,a substitution of a variable for a constant.And restructuring is to use mapping to reconstruct a new schema based on the old one.