评"西方马克思主义"对科学技术社会功能的批判

"西方马克思主义"理论家对科学技术的两个富有创意的基本判断,一是认为科学技术是第一生产力,二是认为科学技术履行意识形态的社会职能.在此基础上,"西方马克思主义"理论家,特别是霍克海＃默、马尔库塞和哈贝马斯,都对科学技术本身及其社会功能的根源,对科技理性、技术专家治国论以及科学主义进行了较为深入的批判.这些批判尽管充满着穿凿附会之处,具有某种程度的片面性,但无疑也是一种具有极强的时效性的深刻的片面,因为它给20世纪和后20世纪的人类提出了这样一种警告:科学无视价值存在以及与此相关的科学的"异化"将会带来灾难性的后果.

Western Marxism's Critiques of the Social Effects of Science and Technology

The theorists of Western Marxism had two original assumptions that technology has been the first productivity in today, and that it also fulfills the social effects of ideology. Theorists, especially Horkheimer, Marcuse, Habermas, etc. had made deep critiques of science and technology itself as well as the origin of its social effects, of the technological rationalism, of theory of technologists' managing the state and of the scientific socialism. Although these critiques seem far-fetched and undue in some way, but they also put forward a warning to the human society that science disregarding value and dissimilation of science caused by the ignorance may bring about devastating social consequence.