对美国资本有机构成变动趋势的实证分析

本文依据大量的历史统计数据,对美国制造业等行业以及全行业资本有机构成进行纵向、横向考察,认为若将上世纪五十至七十年代初发达资本主义国家资本有机构成的变动趋势概括为“提高缓慢,基本稳定, 有时下降”,则当代尤其是近年来其变动趋势可进一步概括为“波动中缓慢下降”。科技进步的推动、生产资料的节约、工资水平的提升、产业结构的调整是资本有机构成变动的重要原因。

the Positive Analysis of the Capital Organic Composition--the United States

On the base of clarifying the unchangeable capital(C) and changeable capital(V), a great deal of statistical data of U.S. has been collected in this paper. By analyzing the capital organic composition of manufacturing and the whole industry horizontally and lengthways, penman thinks if the fluctuation trend of the capital organic composition,which appeared in 50-70's of last century, is generalized as"slowly moving-up, basically stable and occasionally degreesive " ,well then contemporary trend especially in recent years can be generalized furtherly as"descending slowly in fluctuation". Impetus of science and technology,reduction of producers' goods, exaltation of the wages, adjustment of the industrial structure are all the reasons to the fluctuation trend of capital organic composition.