试论以利益平衡理论为基础的知识产权制度

知识产权制度是一种分配权利与利益的平衡机制。在信息的生产、专有和使用之间达成平衡,是知识产权制度追求的一个重要目标。利益平衡因而成为知识产权制度的理论基础。它涉及到智力产品的创造、传播之间的平衡、智力产品的创造和使用之间的平衡以及知识产权人的个人利益和公共利益之间的平衡等。知识产权制度本是一种确认知识产权人对知识产品的专有垄断权的制度,但通过其一系列的制度设计,围绕知识产品所产生的各种利益关系得到了均衡,从而保障了这种制度宗旨的实现。

Tentative Research on Intellectual Property System based on the Theory of Balancing of Interests

Intellectual property is a mechanism of balance distributing rights and interests. It is an important aim for intellectual property system to balance among the production, monopoly and exploitation of information. Hence, the theory of balancing of rights becomes the foundation of intellectual property system. The theory of balancing of interests deals with the balance between the production and dissemination of intellectual products and the production and exploitation of intellectual products, and the individual interests and public interests in intellectual property as well. Though intellectual property system is to confirm that the owner of intellectual property has monopoly to the exploitation of intellectual products, various kinds of relationship of interests, arising from intellectual products, is balanced, through a series of institution designs, and the aim of this system is thus safeguarded.