福利机构老年人的人际关系压力问题及应对策略探析

本文采用质性研究方法，通过对北京市某社会福利机构5位老人的深度访谈搜集资料，旨在对机构老年人所面临的人际关系压力问题进行探析。研究发现，机构老年人的人际关系压力主要集中在时间安排、生活习惯、阶层差异和团体活动等方面；其原因则具有年龄、地域、性格、沟通能力、生活经历、价值观等方面的多样性；而老年人在应对这些压力的过程中表现出了过程性和策略性的特征。过程性应对主要包括自己解决、护士调解和领导介入；策略性应对则主要包括协商、理解、回避和求助四个方面。以上述发现为基础，研究者对机构老年人及机构对于压力的应对提出了自己的建议。

The Inquiry and Analysis of Interpersonal Relationship Stress Faced by the Elderly in Welfare Institutions and Their Coping Strategies

This paper uses qualitative research methods to collect data from five elderly men who lives in a welfare institution in Beijing through deep interview . This paper aims at the inquiry and analysis of interpersonal relationship stress faced by the elderly in welfare institution and their coping strategies. After the research, the following results present themselves. The stress of the interpersonal relationship of the aged mainly results from issues like time arrangement, life habits, rank differ- ences and group activities caused by the following factors, like age, native land, character, communication abilities, life experience, values etc.. The treatment of the stress by the senior citizens also finds expression in process characteristics and strategic characteristics. The process characteris- tics include mainly solution by oneself, conciliation by the nurse and interruption by the leaders; while the strategic characteristics mainly in- clude consulting, understanding, avoiding and seeking assistance. Based on this study, this paper proposes suggestions to cope with the stress of the interpersonal relationship respectively to the elderly and the institu- tions themselves.