我国上市公司治理中控股股东侵权行为及法律规范研究

全球经济一体化背景下,公司治理结构问题成为各国普遍关注的重大课题。在经济转轨时期,我国上市公司治理问题有其特殊性,基本的公司治理缺陷表现为控股股东的“一股独大”问题,形式上为控股股东对其他股东和公司的侵权行为(即权利滥用)。从制度根源分析,股权结构的不合理导致控股股东的人格缺失和行为异化。从法律规范角度看,首先要强化控股股东的诚信义务,尤其是注意义务。其次,对控股股东的投票表决权进行适当的约束,防止控股股东的权利滥用行为,可采用的投票表决机制有:完善股东投票代理制度,建立累积投票制度、类别股东表决制度和表决权排除(回避)制度等。最后,建立民事责任赔偿机制和加强对控股股东的监管也是十分必要的。

The Study of Chinese Listed Company of Holding Shareholder's Peremptoriness and Civil Regulations

From the analysis of system sources, shares structure problems lead to holding shareholder's personality absence and behavioral variation. From the view of law regulation, firstly to strengthen holding shareholder's fiduciary duty, especially the duty of care. Secondly, properly to restrict holding shareholder's voting rights in order to avoid abusing the rights of holding shareholder: perfecting shareholders' proxy system, construction of cumulative voting system, construction of sorted shareholders' voting system, construction of voting debarment system. Finally, it's vital to construct compensation system of civil duty and to strengthen the regulation of holding shareholder.