论违反医疗告知义务的侵权责任

我国《侵权责任法》将＂信息告知＂领域与＂诊断治疗＂领域的侵权责任进行了区别规定,在第55条中对违反医疗告知义务的侵权责任作了专门规定。该责任较之于＂诊断治疗＂领域的侵权责任存在着极大的特殊性,其法理基础在于保障患者的自主决定权,而归责原则依然是一般的过错责任原则。在侵权行为认定时,需坚持＂患者标准＂及主客观相结合的标准。在判定因果关系时,也需将单纯的知情权受侵害作为其责任构成要件中的＂损害＂来理解。

On Tort Liability Incurred by Violation of Medical Information Disclosure Obligation

Chinese Tort Liability Law draws a distinction between the tort liability in information disclosure area and the tort lia- bility in diagnosis area. Article 55 is a special provision which stipulates the tort liability incurred by violation of medical information disclosure obligation. In comparison with the tort liability in diagnosis area, the tort liability incurred by violation of medical information disclosure obligation has a huge particularity. Its distinctive rights basis is the protection of patients＇ right of self-determination. Its doctrine of liability fixation is the basic principle-doctrine of liability for damages. The Standard of Patients and Combination of Subjective and Objective Standard should be used to identify the infringement act. It＇ s necessary to regard pure infringement of patients＇ right to be informed as the ＇ damage＇ in the constitutive elements of tort liability when predicating the cause-effect relationship.