我国公共政策参与中公民层面的制约因素分析

在现代社会，公民积极主动地参与政府的公共政策，除了基于自身利益追求的参与动机外，实现和促进与全体社会成员相联系的公共利益也是一个重要动机。改革开放以后，在公民个体的政策参与逐渐增多的同时，我国以民间组织为主体的各种利益团体参与政府公共政策的活动也逐渐增多。同时在我国公民的公共政策参与过程中存在的问题也十分突出。公共政策参与中公民层面的制约因素主要包括参与意识不强、参与能力不足和参与的组织化程度不高3个方面。

AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RESTRICTING CITIZENS FROM PARTICIPATING IN PUBLIC POLICIES

In modern society, citizens actively participate in the government＇ s public policies. In addition to participation based on the pursuit of self-interests, the achieving and promoting of the public interest involving all members of society can be another important motivation. After the reform and opening up, an increasing number of individual citizens participate in policies and meanwhile more various interest groups in China take part in more policy-related activities with civil organizations as the main body. There exist some prominent problems in the participating process. The factors restricting citizens from participating in public policy include weak sense of participation, lack of capacity for involvement and participation and low degree of organization.