《奥义书》释奥

作为印度传统精神文明的重要构成,婆罗门教、印度教的古圣梵典《奥义书》在凝聚古代印度民族心魂方面发挥了无可替代的作用。《奥义书》精神体验的基点与信仰理念的核心乃是实现个人＂自我＂同宇宙精神契合通同的＂梵我一如＂境界和通过宗教修行超越轮回达到灵魂解脱两种诉求,以阿特曼＂四位＂说为表征的解脱观念与＂梵我一如＂思想并行不悖地贯穿于各种部类《奥义书》诗文的字里行间,这两方面内容共同构成了《奥义书》信仰的文化基础和哲理思维的深层蕴涵,支配、影响印度人的精神生活长达数千年之久。

Mystagogy of Upanisad

As an important component of India＇s traditional spiritual civilization,Upanisad,the ancient Sanskrit classic of Brahmanism and Hinduism,has played an irreplaceable role in gathering together the national soul in ancient India.The starting point of spiritual experience of Upanisad and its core of belief are to realize two wishes： one is to reach the state of ＂Buddha and me in one＂ by uniting one＇s ＂individual self＂ with the spirit of cosmos;the other is to transcend samsara and reach moksa or the total freedom of the soul through religious practice.The concept of extrication characterized by Atman＇s doctrine of ＂four states＂ and the idea of ＂Buddha and me in one＂ run in parallel in the lines of various volumes of Upanisad.These two aspects jointly constitute the cultural foundation of the belief in Upanisad and the deep implication of its philosophical thinking,which have dominated and influenced the spiritual life of Indians for as long as several thousand years.