元代诗歌发展的历史进程

在唐宋诗歌辉煌成就的掩映下,元代诗歌历来不被重视,关于元诗的研究寥寥无几,且难见全貌,但事实是,元代诗家众多,篇什浩瀚,有着独特的发展轨迹。全面考察元代诗歌的发展进程可把它分为前、中、后三个时期:元初由于诗人身份与心态的复杂性使诗歌创作融会了宋金诗歌的特色,呈现出“庞以蔚”的丰富性;大德、延祐间是元诗发展的高峰,“雅正”是其主旋律,内容多“治世之音”,风格尚雍容平正;延祐后,诗风丕变,以张扬个体性情为出发点,突破了“雅正”的拘囿,形成了多样化的诗歌风格,其中少数民族诗人的创作功不可没。元诗对唐宋诗歌的继承与对明代诗歌的影响清晰可见,是中国诗歌史上不可忽视的重要环节。

History of Yuan Dynasty's Poems

It is known that Yuan Dynasty's poems never been given enough importance as Tang and Song Dynasty.We have very few opportunities now to touch some studies in this field,say nothing of a general look for it.But in fact,there are many poets in Yuan Dynasty,who wrote a huge number of poems on their unique track.This paper tries to study the entire course of Yuan Dynasty's poems from their three stages.At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty,being the complexity of poets' identity and mentality,poems' creation carried Song and Jin Dynasty's feature,expressed it's richness and colorfulness.In the years of Dade and Yanyou,Yuan poems reached it's highlight,being rich in ways to run the country in it's content,uptight and regular in it's theme,and natural and graceful in it's style.As for poems after Yanyou,it's rules had changed rapidly,poets broke poem's uptight and regular style,emphasized their individual style.The minority nationalities poets played an ineffaceable role in making this multiform style.From this three-stage study,we can see clearly that Yuan poems carried on Tang and Song Dynasty's poetry style and influenced Ming Dynasty's,it is an important part in Chinese poetry history.