唐宋之际西域南道的复兴--于阗玉石贸易的热潮

8世纪安史之乱后,衰落的唐朝,已无力控制包括西域在内的西北地区.吐蕃、西夏等相继崛起,控扼丝路东段孔道,使中西交通受阻.人们或以为海上丝路这时已逐渐取代陆路交通.其实,并不尽然.10世纪通过于阗的南道,在大宝于阗国和敦煌归义军的努力下,排除沿途阻挠,使中段得以畅通.后在喀喇汗王朝的控制下,于阗不仅通过青海道成为西方诸国与宋朝贸易的中转地,而且具有特色的地方产品,也不断涌入中原各地市场,这种以西域当地产品为主的民族贸易,使于阗等地商贾获利甚巨.同时也促进了我国西北地区区域市场的形成.这是在当时形势下,丝路贸易的新特点.

Revival of the Southern Route of the Silk Road in the Western Regions in the Tang and Song Dynasties

After the An Lushan and Shi Siming rebellion in the 8th century, the declining Tang Dynasty lost its control over the northwest China, including the Western Regions, but the land route here was not totally replaced by the Silk Road of the Sea. In the 10th century, the middle section of the southern route of the Silk Road which passed through Yutian was unblocked with the efforts of the Great Precious Yutian Kingdom and the Gui Yi Jun of Dunhuang. Later, under the control of the Karahan Kingdom, Yutian not only acted as a transferring place of the trade between the Song Dynasty and the western countries via Qinghai Route, but also sent local commodities to the Central Plains.