"包容与民主"理论对城市社区治理的启示

社区治理是实现国家治理现代化的基础性环节，事关人民生活福祉与国家长治久安。在“社区碎片化”等社会事实下，社区治理亟需寻找新理论与新方法为治理创新提供动力。文章认为，世界著名协商民主理论家艾丽斯·杨的著作《包容与民主》中的理论可以为城市社区治理提供相关理论启示:第一，协商民主用以取代聚合式民主为冲突提供合意的解决方法；第二，培植拒绝排斥、鼓励包容的包容性政治沟通来促进社区团结；第三，以“差异性团结”原则来调解社区中人与人、主体之间的关系。总的来说，包容与民主理论为摆脱城市社区治理困境提供了良好的启示，但其具体的应用效果仍需要实践的检验。 

Urban Community Governance under the Theory of Inclusion and Democracy

Community governance is the fundamental step to achieve the national modernization,and it plays an important role in the people's happiness and state security. So,in view of the societal fact of the community fragment,the community govern-ance quite demands in searching of new theories and methods in order to promote the governance innovation. This paper argues that Inclusion and Democracy,written by Iris. Young, a world-class theorist who studied on the deliberative democracy, can provide some good references for urban community governance. First,replace the aggregate democracy with the deliberative de-mocracy to offer a desirable solution to conflicts;second,cultivate the inclusive political communication,featuring non-exclu-sion and encouragement of inclusion, to promote the community solidarity; third, mediate the relationship among community members and diverse players with the principle of differentiate solidarity. In general, theory of inclusion and democracy will support the community to get out of the governance dilemma,however,the specific effect needs to be tested through the prac-tice.