当代英美哲学实在论与反实在论语境中的他心问题

身心问题是西方形而上学传统中的一个重要问题,通常也被看作形而上学问题的主要内容。但自从20世纪初的一场哲学革命之后,随着形而上学的被抛弃,身心问题也被英美哲学家们看作思辨哲学的最后堡垒而被抛弃了。由于语言哲学的深入发展,特别是因为后期维特根斯坦的工作,哲学家们愈加关注语言使用者的心灵活动对语言使用所产生的重要的甚至是关键性的影响,对心灵问题的研究正逐渐成为英美语言哲学发展的最新形式,“心灵哲学”被看作是语言哲学的核心。而在这个领域中,他心问题则是实在论与反实在论争论的焦点所在。

Other Mind in the Context of Realism and Anti-realism

The issue of body and mind is an important one in the western metaphysical tradition and it is also the main content of metaphysics. But after a philosophical revolution in the early 20th century, this issue is abandoned by Anglo-American philosophers as the last fortress of speculative philosophy along with the abandonment of metaphysics. With the development of linguistic philosophy, especially the later stage of the work of Wittgenstein, philosophers pay more and more attention to the important and even crucial influence of the activity of the mind of language users on the usage of language. The study of the mind is the latest development in Anglo-American philosophy. Philosophy of mind is regarded as the core of linguistic philosophy and the focus in this field lies in the problem of other minds in the dispute between realism and anti-realism.