论程朱人格思想及其矛盾

中国文化历来重视人格问题 ,致力于培养、造就、发扬和实现理想、高尚的人格。程朱等理学家在批判和吸收佛道理论成果的基础上 ,创立了理学 ,重新塑造了儒家的人格理想。他们从“天命之性”和“气质之性”的关系入手 ,提出了“灭欲”、“存理”的“内圣”修养方法和“格物致知”的认识法及“圣贤气象”和“孔颜乐处”的人格实践。但其也存在着一些难以解决的矛盾 :即理想人格与现实人格的矛盾 ;理想人格和“人欲”的矛盾 ;“内圣”与“外王”的矛盾。

On Personality Thinking and Contradictions of Both Cheng and Zhu

In Chinese culture,people always attach importance to personality problem and devote themselves to cultivating,creating,developing and realizing the ideal and high-minded personality.On the basis of criticizing and absorbing the theory production of Buddhism and Moralists such Cheng and Zhu established ethics and newly formed personality ideal.By researching the relationship of "justice",they brought forward the below mentioned parlances:the cultural method of "subjective morality and knowledge's inner culture" such as "eliminating desire" and "making justice exist";the cognition method of "following up thing's principles"the personality practice of "oracle's spirit status" and "Kongyan's thinking about putting oneself in the place of thing".However,there are some of the unsoluble contradictions:the one of ideal personality and reality personality;the one of ideal personality and "human being's desire";the one of "subjective morality and knowledge's inner culture"and "paying inner moral thinking to society reality life".