生物遗传资源的法律保护研究

生物遗传资源是包含生物遗传功能材料的资源;这种材料应该是＂活体＂,对我们具有实际的或者潜在的价值。生物遗传资源的权利主体应为相应的资源所属国和特定的自然人群体。在使用生物遗传资源的过程中,权利主体享有同意权。对于生物遗传资源的开发利用,权利主体可要求获得相应的利益。对于生物遗传资源的保护,我们不可能直接采取专利权的保护模式,只能间接采取专利权的保护模式。我们应参考印度、乌干达等公法规制国家的立法,强调对生物遗传资源保护的公法规制,以专门立法的形式对生物遗传资源进行保护。

Studying on the Legal Protection of Biological Genetic Resources

Biological genetic resources contain genetic function materials which should be living body and be practically or potentially valuable to us.The subject of rights of the biological genetic resources should be its home countries and specific natural groups.In the process of the usage of biological genetic resources,the subjects of rights possess consent rights.As to the exploitation and utilization of biological genetic resources,the subjects of rights can claim relevant interests.We can only take indirect mode to protect biological genetic resources instead of the protection mode of patent right.We should take the example of some public law countries as India and Uganda.With the basis of public law control and the principle of unified special legislation,we should specially legislate laws to protect biological genetic resources.